[stgt] [PATCH RFC] add support of sheepdog backing store

Hitoshi Mitake mitake.hitoshi at lab.ntt.co.jp
Thu Sep 26 04:59:18 CEST 2013


Hi tgt list,
(Cc-ing sheepdog list),

This patch implements a new backing store support for sheepdog, distributed
storage system initially designed for QEMU
(https://github.com/sheepdog/sheepdog). With this patch, sheepdog can support
iSCSI protocol, so hypervisors other than QEMU/KVM and native OSes can use
sheepdog as their block devices. The new --bstype is "sheepdog".
(This patch is a refinement of tgt's sheepdog branch.)

This patch still has some todos and would have bugs, but I'd like to post it for
keeping this patch small and getting feedback in early stage.

Major todos:
 - exploiting multithread support of tgt
 - support sheep processes running on different host and using pots other than
   7000
 - support unix domain socket for communicating between sheep process
 - support reconnection for safe upgrade of sheepdog

Signed-off-by: Hitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi at lab.ntt.co.jp>
---
 usr/Makefile      |    2 +-
 usr/bs_sheepdog.c |  927 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 928 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 usr/bs_sheepdog.c

diff --git a/usr/Makefile b/usr/Makefile
index 785850e..60bff6d 100644
--- a/usr/Makefile
+++ b/usr/Makefile
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ PROGRAMS += tgtd tgtadm tgtimg
 TGTD_OBJS += tgtd.o mgmt.o target.o scsi.o log.o driver.o util.o work.o \
 		concat_buf.o parser.o spc.o sbc.o mmc.o osd.o scc.o smc.o \
 		ssc.o libssc.o bs_rdwr.o bs_ssc.o \
-		bs_null.o bs_sg.o bs.o libcrc32c.o
+		bs_null.o bs_sg.o bs.o libcrc32c.o bs_sheepdog.o
 
 TGTD_DEP = $(TGTD_OBJS:.o=.d)
 
diff --git a/usr/bs_sheepdog.c b/usr/bs_sheepdog.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcd2557
--- /dev/null
+++ b/usr/bs_sheepdog.c
@@ -0,0 +1,927 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 FUJITA Tomonori <tomof at acm.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the
+ * License.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+ * 02110-1301 USA
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/tcp.h>
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+#include "list.h"
+#include "tgtd.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "log.h"
+#include "scsi.h"
+#include "bs_thread.h"
+
+#define SD_PROTO_VER 0x01
+
+#define SD_DEFAULT_ADDR "localhost"
+#define SD_DEFAULT_PORT "7000"
+
+#define SD_OP_CREATE_AND_WRITE_OBJ  0x01
+#define SD_OP_READ_OBJ       0x02
+#define SD_OP_WRITE_OBJ      0x03
+/* 0x04 is used internally by Sheepdog */
+#define SD_OP_DISCARD_OBJ    0x05
+
+#define SD_OP_NEW_VDI        0x11
+#define SD_OP_LOCK_VDI       0x12
+#define SD_OP_RELEASE_VDI    0x13
+#define SD_OP_GET_VDI_INFO   0x14
+#define SD_OP_READ_VDIS      0x15
+#define SD_OP_FLUSH_VDI      0x16
+#define SD_OP_DEL_VDI        0x17
+
+#define SD_FLAG_CMD_WRITE    0x01
+#define SD_FLAG_CMD_COW      0x02
+#define SD_FLAG_CMD_CACHE    0x04 /* Writeback mode for cache */
+#define SD_FLAG_CMD_DIRECT   0x08 /* Don't use cache */
+
+#define SD_RES_SUCCESS       0x00 /* Success */
+#define SD_RES_UNKNOWN       0x01 /* Unknown error */
+#define SD_RES_NO_OBJ        0x02 /* No object found */
+#define SD_RES_EIO           0x03 /* I/O error */
+#define SD_RES_VDI_EXIST     0x04 /* Vdi exists already */
+#define SD_RES_INVALID_PARMS 0x05 /* Invalid parameters */
+#define SD_RES_SYSTEM_ERROR  0x06 /* System error */
+#define SD_RES_VDI_LOCKED    0x07 /* Vdi is locked */
+#define SD_RES_NO_VDI        0x08 /* No vdi found */
+#define SD_RES_NO_BASE_VDI   0x09 /* No base vdi found */
+#define SD_RES_VDI_READ      0x0A /* Cannot read requested vdi */
+#define SD_RES_VDI_WRITE     0x0B /* Cannot write requested vdi */
+#define SD_RES_BASE_VDI_READ 0x0C /* Cannot read base vdi */
+#define SD_RES_BASE_VDI_WRITE   0x0D /* Cannot write base vdi */
+#define SD_RES_NO_TAG        0x0E /* Requested tag is not found */
+#define SD_RES_STARTUP       0x0F /* Sheepdog is on starting up */
+#define SD_RES_VDI_NOT_LOCKED   0x10 /* Vdi is not locked */
+#define SD_RES_SHUTDOWN      0x11 /* Sheepdog is shutting down */
+#define SD_RES_NO_MEM        0x12 /* Cannot allocate memory */
+#define SD_RES_FULL_VDI      0x13 /* we already have the maximum vdis */
+#define SD_RES_VER_MISMATCH  0x14 /* Protocol version mismatch */
+#define SD_RES_NO_SPACE      0x15 /* Server has no room for new objects */
+#define SD_RES_WAIT_FOR_FORMAT  0x16 /* Waiting for a format operation */
+#define SD_RES_WAIT_FOR_JOIN    0x17 /* Waiting for other nodes joining */
+#define SD_RES_JOIN_FAILED   0x18 /* Target node had failed to join sheepdog */
+#define SD_RES_HALT          0x19 /* Sheepdog is stopped serving IO request */
+#define SD_RES_READONLY      0x1A /* Object is read-only */
+
+/*
+ * Object ID rules
+ *
+ *  0 - 19 (20 bits): data object space
+ * 20 - 31 (12 bits): reserved data object space
+ * 32 - 55 (24 bits): vdi object space
+ * 56 - 59 ( 4 bits): reserved vdi object space
+ * 60 - 63 ( 4 bits): object type identifier space
+ */
+
+#define VDI_SPACE_SHIFT   32
+#define VDI_BIT (UINT64_C(1) << 63)
+#define VMSTATE_BIT (UINT64_C(1) << 62)
+#define MAX_DATA_OBJS (UINT64_C(1) << 20)
+#define MAX_CHILDREN 1024
+#define SD_MAX_VDI_LEN 256
+#define SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN 256
+#define SD_NR_VDIS   (1U << 24)
+#define SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE (UINT64_C(1) << 22)
+#define SD_MAX_VDI_SIZE (SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE * MAX_DATA_OBJS)
+#define SECTOR_SIZE 512
+
+#define CURRENT_VDI_ID 0
+
+struct sheepdog_req {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint32_t opcode_specific[8];
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_rsp {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint32_t result;
+	uint32_t opcode_specific[7];
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_obj_req {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint64_t oid;
+	uint64_t cow_oid;
+	uint32_t copies;
+	uint32_t rsvd;
+	uint64_t offset;
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_obj_rsp {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint32_t result;
+	uint32_t copies;
+	uint32_t pad[6];
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_vdi_req {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint64_t vdi_size;
+	uint32_t vdi_id;
+	uint32_t copies;
+	uint32_t snapid;
+	uint32_t pad[3];
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_vdi_rsp {
+	uint8_t proto_ver;
+	uint8_t opcode;
+	uint16_t flags;
+	uint32_t epoch;
+	uint32_t id;
+	uint32_t data_length;
+	uint32_t result;
+	uint32_t rsvd;
+	uint32_t vdi_id;
+	uint32_t pad[5];
+};
+
+struct sheepdog_inode {
+	char name[SD_MAX_VDI_LEN];
+	char tag[SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN];
+	uint64_t create_time;
+	uint64_t snap_ctime;
+	uint64_t vm_clock_nsec;
+	uint64_t vdi_size;
+	uint64_t vm_state_size;
+	uint16_t copy_policy;
+	uint8_t nr_copies;
+	uint8_t block_size_shift;
+	uint32_t snap_id;
+	uint32_t vdi_id;
+	uint32_t parent_vdi_id;
+	uint32_t child_vdi_id[MAX_CHILDREN];
+	uint32_t data_vdi_id[MAX_DATA_OBJS];
+};
+
+#define SD_INODE_SIZE (sizeof(struct sheepdog_inode))
+
+struct sheepdog_access_info {
+	int fd;
+
+	uint32_t min_dirty_data_idx;
+	uint32_t max_dirty_data_idx;
+
+	struct sheepdog_inode inode;
+};
+
+static inline int is_data_obj_writeable(struct sheepdog_inode *inode,
+					unsigned int idx)
+{
+	return inode->vdi_id == inode->data_vdi_id[idx];
+}
+
+static inline int is_data_obj(uint64_t oid)
+{
+	return !(VDI_BIT & oid);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t data_oid_to_idx(uint64_t oid)
+{
+	return oid & (MAX_DATA_OBJS - 1);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t vid_to_vdi_oid(uint32_t vid)
+{
+	return VDI_BIT | ((uint64_t)vid << VDI_SPACE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t vid_to_vmstate_oid(uint32_t vid, uint32_t idx)
+{
+	return VMSTATE_BIT | ((uint64_t)vid << VDI_SPACE_SHIFT) | idx;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t vid_to_data_oid(uint32_t vid, uint32_t idx)
+{
+	return ((uint64_t)vid << VDI_SPACE_SHIFT) | idx;
+}
+
+static const char *sd_strerror(int err)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	static const struct {
+		int err;
+		const char *desc;
+	} errors[] = {
+		{SD_RES_SUCCESS,
+		 "Success"},
+		{SD_RES_UNKNOWN,
+		 "Unknown error"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_OBJ, "No object found"},
+		{SD_RES_EIO, "I/O error"},
+		{SD_RES_VDI_EXIST, "VDI exists already"},
+		{SD_RES_INVALID_PARMS, "Invalid parameters"},
+		{SD_RES_SYSTEM_ERROR, "System error"},
+		{SD_RES_VDI_LOCKED, "VDI is already locked"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_VDI, "No vdi found"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_BASE_VDI, "No base VDI found"},
+		{SD_RES_VDI_READ, "Failed read the requested VDI"},
+		{SD_RES_VDI_WRITE, "Failed to write the requested VDI"},
+		{SD_RES_BASE_VDI_READ, "Failed to read the base VDI"},
+		{SD_RES_BASE_VDI_WRITE, "Failed to write the base VDI"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_TAG, "Failed to find the requested tag"},
+		{SD_RES_STARTUP, "The system is still booting"},
+		{SD_RES_VDI_NOT_LOCKED, "VDI isn't locked"},
+		{SD_RES_SHUTDOWN, "The system is shutting down"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_MEM, "Out of memory on the server"},
+		{SD_RES_FULL_VDI, "We already have the maximum vdis"},
+		{SD_RES_VER_MISMATCH, "Protocol version mismatch"},
+		{SD_RES_NO_SPACE, "Server has no space for new objects"},
+		{SD_RES_WAIT_FOR_FORMAT, "Sheepdog is waiting for a format operation"},
+		{SD_RES_WAIT_FOR_JOIN, "Sheepdog is waiting for other nodes joining"},
+		{SD_RES_JOIN_FAILED, "Target node had failed to join sheepdog"},
+		{SD_RES_HALT, "Sheepdog is stopped serving IO request"},
+		{SD_RES_READONLY, "Object is read-only"},
+	};
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(errors); ++i) {
+		if (errors[i].err == err)
+			return errors[i].desc;
+	}
+
+	return "Invalid error code";
+}
+
+static int connect_to_sdog(const char *addr, const char *port)
+{
+	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
+	int fd, ret;
+	struct addrinfo hints, *res, *res0;
+
+	if (!addr) {
+		addr = SD_DEFAULT_ADDR;
+		port = SD_DEFAULT_PORT;
+	}
+
+	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
+	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+
+	ret = getaddrinfo(addr, port, &hints, &res0);
+	if (ret) {
+		eprintf("unable to get address info %s, %s\n",
+			addr, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
+		ret = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen, hbuf,
+				  sizeof(hbuf), sbuf, sizeof(sbuf),
+				  NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
+		if (ret)
+			continue;
+
+		fd = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype, res->ai_protocol);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			continue;
+
+reconnect:
+		ret = connect(fd, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+				goto reconnect;
+
+			break;
+		}
+
+		dprintf("connected to %s:%s\n", addr, port);
+		goto success;
+	}
+	fd = -1;
+	eprintf("failed connect to %s:%s\n", addr, port);
+success:
+	freeaddrinfo(res0);
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int do_read(int sockfd, void *buf, int len)
+{
+	int ret;
+reread:
+	ret = read(sockfd, buf, len);
+
+	if (!ret) {
+		eprintf("connection is closed (%d bytes left)\n", len);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
+			goto reread;
+
+		eprintf("failed to read from socket: %d, %s\n",
+			ret, strerror(errno));
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	len -= ret;
+	buf = (char *)buf + ret;
+	if (len)
+		goto reread;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void forward_iov(struct msghdr *msg, int len)
+{
+	while (msg->msg_iov->iov_len <= len) {
+		len -= msg->msg_iov->iov_len;
+		msg->msg_iov++;
+		msg->msg_iovlen--;
+	}
+
+	msg->msg_iov->iov_base = (char *) msg->msg_iov->iov_base + len;
+	msg->msg_iov->iov_len -= len;
+}
+
+
+static int do_write(int sockfd, struct msghdr *msg, int len)
+{
+	int ret;
+rewrite:
+	ret = sendmsg(sockfd, msg, 0);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
+			goto rewrite;
+
+		eprintf("failed to write to socket: %d, %s\n",
+			 ret, strerror(errno));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	len -= ret;
+	if (len) {
+		forward_iov(msg, ret);
+		goto rewrite;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int send_req(int sockfd, struct sheepdog_req *hdr, void *data,
+		    unsigned int *wlen)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct iovec iov[2];
+	struct msghdr msg;
+
+	memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
+	msg.msg_iov = iov;
+
+	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
+	iov[0].iov_base = hdr;
+	iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(*hdr);
+
+	if (*wlen) {
+		msg.msg_iovlen++;
+		iov[1].iov_base = data;
+		iov[1].iov_len = *wlen;
+	}
+
+	ret = do_write(sockfd, &msg, sizeof(*hdr) + *wlen);
+	if (ret) {
+		eprintf("failed to send a req, %s\n", strerror(errno));
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int do_req(int sockfd, struct sheepdog_req *hdr, void *data,
+		  unsigned int *wlen, unsigned int *rlen)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = send_req(sockfd, hdr, data, wlen);
+	if (ret) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = do_read(sockfd, hdr, sizeof(*hdr));
+	if (ret) {
+		eprintf("failed to get a rsp, %s\n", strerror(errno));
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (hdr->data_length < *rlen)
+		*rlen = hdr->data_length;
+
+	if (*rlen) {
+		ret = do_read(sockfd, data, *rlen);
+		if (ret) {
+			eprintf("failed to get the data, %s\n",
+				strerror(errno));
+			ret = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	ret = 0;
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int find_vdi_name(char *filename, uint32_t snapid,
+			 char *tag, uint32_t *vid, int for_snapshot);
+static int read_object(int fd, char *buf, uint64_t oid, int copies,
+		       unsigned int datalen, uint64_t offset);
+
+static int reload_inode(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai)
+{
+	int ret;
+	char tag[SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN];
+	uint32_t vid;
+
+	memset(tag, 0, sizeof(tag));
+
+	ret = find_vdi_name(ai->inode.name, CURRENT_VDI_ID, tag, &vid, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return -1;
+
+	read_object(ai->fd, (char *)&ai->inode, vid_to_vdi_oid(vid),
+		    ai->inode.nr_copies, SD_INODE_SIZE, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_write_object(int fd, char *buf, uint64_t oid, int copies,
+			     unsigned int datalen, uint64_t offset,
+			     int write, int create, uint64_t old_oid,
+			     uint16_t flags, int *need_reload)
+{
+	struct sheepdog_obj_req hdr;
+	struct sheepdog_obj_rsp *rsp = (struct sheepdog_obj_rsp *)&hdr;
+	unsigned int wlen, rlen;
+	int ret;
+
+	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
+
+	hdr.proto_ver = SD_PROTO_VER;
+	hdr.flags = flags;
+	if (write) {
+		wlen = datalen;
+		rlen = 0;
+		hdr.flags |= SD_FLAG_CMD_WRITE;
+		if (create) {
+			hdr.opcode = SD_OP_CREATE_AND_WRITE_OBJ;
+			hdr.cow_oid = old_oid;
+		} else {
+			hdr.opcode = SD_OP_WRITE_OBJ;
+		}
+	} else {
+		wlen = 0;
+		rlen = datalen;
+		hdr.opcode = SD_OP_READ_OBJ;
+	}
+	hdr.oid = oid;
+	hdr.data_length = datalen;
+	hdr.offset = offset;
+	hdr.copies = copies;
+
+	ret = do_req(fd, (struct sheepdog_req *)&hdr, buf, &wlen, &rlen);
+	if (ret) {
+		eprintf("failed to send a request to the sheep\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	switch (rsp->result) {
+	case SD_RES_SUCCESS:
+		return 0;
+	case SD_RES_READONLY:
+		if (need_reload)
+			*need_reload = 1;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		eprintf("%s (oid: %lx, old_oid: %lx)\n",
+			sd_strerror(rsp->result), oid, old_oid);
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+static int read_object(int fd, char *buf, uint64_t oid, int copies,
+		       unsigned int datalen, uint64_t offset)
+{
+	return read_write_object(fd, buf, oid, copies, datalen, offset,
+				 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static int write_object(int fd, char *buf, uint64_t oid, int copies,
+			unsigned int datalen, uint64_t offset, int create,
+			uint64_t old_oid, uint16_t flags, int *need_reload)
+{
+	return read_write_object(fd, buf, oid, copies, datalen, offset, 1,
+				 create, old_oid, flags, need_reload);
+}
+
+static int sd_sync(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct sheepdog_obj_req hdr;
+	struct sheepdog_obj_rsp *rsp = (struct sheepdog_obj_rsp *)&hdr;
+	unsigned int wlen = 0, rlen;
+
+	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
+
+	hdr.proto_ver = SD_PROTO_VER;
+	hdr.opcode = SD_OP_FLUSH_VDI;
+	hdr.oid = vid_to_vdi_oid(ai->inode.vdi_id);
+
+	ret = do_req(ai->fd, (struct sheepdog_req *)&hdr, NULL, &wlen, &rlen);
+	if (ret) {
+		eprintf("failed to send a request to the sheep\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	switch (rsp->result) {
+	case SD_RES_SUCCESS:
+	case SD_RES_INVALID_PARMS:
+		/*
+		 * SD_RES_INVALID_PARMS means the sheep daemon doesn't use
+		 * object caches
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		eprintf("%s\n", sd_strerror(rsp->result));
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+static int update_inode(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	uint64_t oid = vid_to_vdi_oid(ai->inode.vdi_id);
+
+	/* todo: optimization with partial update of inode object */
+	ret = write_object(ai->fd, (char *)&ai->inode, oid,
+			   ai->inode.nr_copies, SD_INODE_SIZE, 0,
+			   0, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		eprintf("sync inode failed\n");
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int sd_io(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai, int write, char *buf, int len,
+		 uint64_t offset)
+{
+	uint32_t vid;
+	unsigned long idx = offset / SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE;
+	unsigned long max =
+		(offset + len + (SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE - 1)) / SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE;
+	unsigned obj_offset = offset % SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE;
+	size_t size, rest = len;
+	int ret = 0, create = 0;
+	uint64_t oid, old_oid;
+	uint16_t flags = 0;
+	int need_update_inode = 0, need_reload_inode;
+	int nr_copies = ai->inode.nr_copies;
+
+	for (; idx < max; idx++) {
+		size = SD_DATA_OBJ_SIZE - obj_offset;
+		size = min_t(size_t, size, rest);
+
+retry:
+		vid = ai->inode.vdi_id;
+		oid = vid_to_data_oid(ai->inode.data_vdi_id[idx], idx);
+		old_oid = 0;
+
+		if (write) {
+			if (ai->inode.data_vdi_id[idx] != vid) {
+				create = 1;
+
+				if (ai->inode.data_vdi_id[idx]) {
+					/* COW */
+					old_oid = oid;
+					flags = SD_FLAG_CMD_COW;
+				}
+
+				oid = vid_to_data_oid(ai->inode.vdi_id, idx);
+
+				ai->min_dirty_data_idx =
+					min_t(uint32_t,
+					      idx, ai->min_dirty_data_idx);
+				ai->max_dirty_data_idx =
+					max_t(uint32_t,
+					      idx, ai->max_dirty_data_idx);
+
+				ai->inode.data_vdi_id[idx] = vid;
+			}
+
+			need_reload_inode = 0;
+			ret = write_object(ai->fd, buf + (len - rest),
+					   oid, nr_copies, size,
+					   obj_offset, create,
+					   old_oid, flags, &need_reload_inode);
+			if (!ret) {
+				if (need_reload_inode) {
+					ret = reload_inode(ai);
+					if (!ret)
+						goto retry;
+				}
+
+				if (create) {
+					need_update_inode = 1;
+					create = 0;
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (!ai->inode.data_vdi_id[idx]) {
+				memset(buf, 0, size);
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			ret = read_object(ai->fd, buf + (len - rest),
+					  oid, nr_copies, size,
+					  obj_offset);
+		}
+
+		if (ret) {
+			eprintf("%lu %d\n", idx, ret);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+done:
+		rest -= size;
+		obj_offset = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (need_update_inode)
+		ret = update_inode(ai);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int find_vdi_name(char *filename, uint32_t snapid,
+			 char *tag, uint32_t *vid, int for_snapshot)
+{
+	int ret, fd;
+	struct sheepdog_vdi_req hdr;
+	struct sheepdog_vdi_rsp *rsp = (struct sheepdog_vdi_rsp *)&hdr;
+	unsigned int wlen, rlen = 0;
+	char buf[SD_MAX_VDI_LEN + SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN];
+
+	fd = connect_to_sdog(NULL, NULL);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
+	strncpy(buf, filename, SD_MAX_VDI_LEN);
+	strncpy(buf + SD_MAX_VDI_LEN, tag, SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN);
+
+	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
+	if (for_snapshot)
+		hdr.opcode = SD_OP_GET_VDI_INFO;
+	else
+		hdr.opcode = SD_OP_LOCK_VDI;
+
+	wlen = SD_MAX_VDI_LEN + SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN;
+	hdr.proto_ver = SD_PROTO_VER;
+	hdr.data_length = wlen;
+	hdr.snapid = snapid;
+	hdr.flags = SD_FLAG_CMD_WRITE;
+
+	ret = do_req(fd, (struct sheepdog_req *)&hdr, buf, &wlen, &rlen);
+	if (ret) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (rsp->result != SD_RES_SUCCESS) {
+		eprintf("cannot get vdi info, %s, %s %d %s\n",
+			sd_strerror(rsp->result), filename, snapid, tag);
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	*vid = rsp->vdi_id;
+
+	ret = 0;
+out:
+	close(fd);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int sd_open(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai, char *filename, int flags)
+{
+	int ret, fd;
+	uint32_t vid = 0;
+	char tag[SD_MAX_VDI_TAG_LEN];
+
+	memset(tag, 0, sizeof(tag));
+
+	ret = find_vdi_name(filename, CURRENT_VDI_ID, tag, &vid, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	fd = connect_to_sdog(NULL, NULL);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		eprintf("failed to connect\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ai->fd = fd;
+
+	ai->min_dirty_data_idx = UINT32_MAX;
+	ai->max_dirty_data_idx = 0;
+
+	ret = read_object(fd, (char *)&ai->inode, vid_to_vdi_oid(vid),
+			  0, SD_INODE_SIZE, 0);
+
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	return 0;
+out:
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void sd_close(struct sheepdog_access_info *ai)
+{
+	struct sheepdog_vdi_req hdr;
+	struct sheepdog_vdi_rsp *rsp = (struct sheepdog_vdi_rsp *)&hdr;
+	unsigned int wlen = 0, rlen;
+	int ret;
+
+	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
+
+	hdr.opcode = SD_OP_RELEASE_VDI;
+	hdr.vdi_id = ai->inode.vdi_id;
+
+	ret = do_req(ai->fd, (struct sheepdog_req *)&hdr, NULL, &wlen, &rlen);
+
+	if (!ret && rsp->result != SD_RES_SUCCESS &&
+	    rsp->result != SD_RES_VDI_NOT_LOCKED)
+		eprintf("%s, %s", sd_strerror(rsp->result), ai->inode.name);
+
+	close(ai->fd);
+}
+
+static void set_medium_error(int *result, uint8_t *key, uint16_t *asc)
+{
+	*result = SAM_STAT_CHECK_CONDITION;
+	*key = MEDIUM_ERROR;
+	*asc = ASC_READ_ERROR;
+}
+
+static void bs_sheepdog_request(struct scsi_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	uint32_t length = 0;
+	int result = SAM_STAT_GOOD;
+	uint8_t key = 0;
+	uint16_t asc = 0;
+	struct bs_thread_info *info = BS_THREAD_I(cmd->dev);
+	struct sheepdog_access_info *ai =
+		(struct sheepdog_access_info *)(info + 1);
+
+	switch (cmd->scb[0]) {
+	case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE:
+	case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE_16:
+		ret = sd_sync(ai);
+		if (ret)
+			set_medium_error(&result, &key, &asc);
+		break;
+	case WRITE_6:
+	case WRITE_10:
+	case WRITE_12:
+	case WRITE_16:
+		length = scsi_get_out_length(cmd);
+		ret = sd_io(ai, 1, scsi_get_out_buffer(cmd),
+			    length, cmd->offset);
+		if (ret)
+			set_medium_error(&result, &key, &asc);
+		break;
+	case READ_6:
+	case READ_10:
+	case READ_12:
+	case READ_16:
+		length = scsi_get_in_length(cmd);
+		ret = sd_io(ai, 0, scsi_get_in_buffer(cmd),
+			    length, cmd->offset);
+		if (ret)
+			set_medium_error(&result, &key, &asc);
+		break;
+	default:
+		eprintf("cmd->scb[0]: %x\n", cmd->scb[0]);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	dprintf("io done %p %x %d %u\n", cmd, cmd->scb[0], ret, length);
+
+	scsi_set_result(cmd, result);
+
+	if (result != SAM_STAT_GOOD) {
+		eprintf("io error %p %x %d %d %" PRIu64 ", %m\n",
+			cmd, cmd->scb[0], ret, length, cmd->offset);
+		sense_data_build(cmd, key, asc);
+	}
+}
+
+static int bs_sheepdog_open(struct scsi_lu *lu, char *path,
+			    int *fd, uint64_t *size)
+{
+	struct bs_thread_info *info = BS_THREAD_I(lu);
+	struct sheepdog_access_info *ai =
+		(struct sheepdog_access_info *)(info + 1);
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = sd_open(ai, path, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	*size = ai->inode.vdi_size;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void bs_sheepdog_close(struct scsi_lu *lu)
+{
+	struct bs_thread_info *info = BS_THREAD_I(lu);
+	struct sheepdog_access_info *ai =
+		(struct sheepdog_access_info *)(info + 1);
+
+	sd_close(ai);
+}
+
+static tgtadm_err bs_sheepdog_init(struct scsi_lu *lu)
+{
+	struct bs_thread_info *info = BS_THREAD_I(lu);
+
+	return bs_thread_open(info, bs_sheepdog_request, 1);
+}
+
+static void bs_sheepdog_exit(struct scsi_lu *lu)
+{
+	struct bs_thread_info *info = BS_THREAD_I(lu);
+
+	bs_thread_close(info);
+}
+
+static struct backingstore_template sheepdog_bst = {
+	.bs_name		= "sheepdog",
+	.bs_datasize		=
+	sizeof(struct bs_thread_info) + sizeof(struct sheepdog_access_info),
+	.bs_open		= bs_sheepdog_open,
+	.bs_close		= bs_sheepdog_close,
+	.bs_init		= bs_sheepdog_init,
+	.bs_exit		= bs_sheepdog_exit,
+	.bs_cmd_submit		= bs_thread_cmd_submit,
+};
+
+__attribute__((constructor)) static void __constructor(void)
+{
+	register_backingstore_template(&sheepdog_bst);
+}
-- 
1.7.10.4

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